Water-heater or steam-generator.



PATENTED SEPT. 18, 1904.

A. W. FINLAYSON.

WATER HEATER OR STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25, 1904.

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PATENTED SEPT. 13, 1904.

A. W. FINLAYSON.

WATER HEATER OR STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25, 1904.

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PATENTED SEPT. 13, 1904.

A. W. PINLAYSON.

WATER HEATER OR STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25, 1904.

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NO MODEL.

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PATENT CEEicE.

ALEXANDER WV. FINLAYSON, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- HALF TOCARL SCHWEIKART, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

WATER-H EATER OR STEAM-GENERATOR.

- SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 770,055, datedSeptember 13, 1904.

Application filed March 25, 1904.

To all whmn it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER W. FIN- LAYSON, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Detroit, in the county of 'Wayne, State of Michigan,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Water-Heaters orSteam-Generators; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear,and exact description of the invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the figures ofreference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to a water-heater or steam-generator moreexpressly designed for heating water for house-warming purposes; and itconsists in the construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter fullyset forth, and pointed out particularly in the claims.

The object of the invention is to produce a heater of the characterdescribed, of simple, compact, and inexpensive construction, in whichthe arrangement is such as to cause the return-water from the radiatorsto pass over the fire before it can again enter the circulatory pipesand wherein provision is made for connecting the heating-pipes in amanner to obviate the use of screw-heads and effect a perfect joint andin which provision is also made for mounting said heating-pipes inindependent sections, which may be so placed and so connected with thelower parts of the heater as to allow of a ready removal of any of saidsections as desired.

The above object is attained by the structure illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a perspective view of aheater embodying my invention, the casing being partially broken away.Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view in vertical section as on line 2 2 ofFig. 1. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view in vertical section through theheater as on line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail in section throughone of the removable sections of the heatingpipes, showing the manner ofdisconnecting said section from the heater for the purpose of removaland to facilitate assemblage. Fig.

Serial No. 199,898- (No model.)

5 is a perspective view of one of theloops of which the sections of theheater are formed. Fig. 6 is a fragmentary section through one of theheating-loops with the parts detached.

Referring to the characters of reference, 1 designatesthe grate,supported in any suitable manner by the retaining-walls 2. Extendingparallel to the fire-space are the mud drums or base-pipes 3, into whichthe returnwater pipes from the radiators (not shown) are connected, asat 4:. Communicating with the base-pipes 3 are the vertical pipes 5,which are provided with a right thread 6 at their lower end (see Fig.4:) to screw into the tapped boss 7 of the base-pipe and with a likethread 8 at their upper ends adapted to screw into a like boss 9, formedupon and communicating with the interior of one of the divisions 10 ofthe lower header 11, which, togetherwith the upper header 12 and theconnecting vertical pipes 13, constitute a section of the heatingpipesof the heater, of which there may be as many as desired, the number ofsaid sections employed being determined by the desired capacity of theheater. The lower headers are composed of five of the divisions 10, saiddivisions being connected by the transverse tubular portion 14, wherebycommunication is established between all of the hollow divisions 10 ofthe header. The upper header 12 is composed of five of the hollowdivisions 15, which are in like manner connected by the transversetubular portions 16. Each of the divisions of said headers is providedwith two reamed apertures to receive the ends of two of theheating-pipes 13, thereby forming when said parts are connected asection of the heater comprising a plurality of loops of two pipes each.

The upper header 12 of each of the sections of the heater is connectedby means of the pipe 17, which leads from the boss 18 thereon to thehollow cast receptacle 19, said receptacle affording within it awater-chamber 20. From the lower water-receptacle 19 lead the pipes .21to the upper water-receptacle 22, from which in turn lead the pipes 23,which carry the hot Water to the radiators. (Not shown.)

The lower water-receptacle 19, which receives the water from theheating-pipes, fits snugly the transverse diameter of the casing 23 ofthe heater and is provided with draftopenings 24 and 25, through whichthe caloric current passes into contact with the bottom of thewater-receptacle 22, the products of combustion escaping through thestack 26, which passes through the upper water-receptacle andcommunicates with the space between said receptacles. The passage of thecaloric current through the draft-openings in the lower water-receptacleand into contact with the bottom of the upper water-receptacle heats thewater therein in addition to the heating the water receives in the pipesimmediately over the fire-space. By this arrangement it will be seenthat the return water flows into the base-pipes 3, thence intotheheating-sections, where it is caused to pass directly over the fire.From the heating-sec tions the water passes to the lowerwater-receptacle through the pipes 17, 'thence to the upperwater-receptacle, and out of said upper receptacle to the radiatorsthrough the pipes 23, thereby maintaining a perfect circulation.

It will be observed on referring to Figs. 3 and 6 that the heating-pipes13 are not screwed into the opposite divisions 10 and 15 of the headers,but that the opposite ends of said pipes are tapered, as at 27, to fitthe flaring reamed seats 28 in the respective .headers, said parts beingdrawn tightly together by means of the tie bolts or rods 29, which passdownwardly through the divisions 15 of the upper headers, through thepipes 13, and screw into tapped bosses 30 within the divisions 10 of thelower headers, thereby making a perfect joint and connecting the upperand lower headers of the heating-sections, said tie-rods receiving ontheir upper ends suitable washers 31 and nuts 32, whereby a closure ofthe opening around said rods is effected and provision is made forapplying the proper tension thereto. The connecting-pipe 17 between theupper header of the heating-section and the water-receptacle 19 is inlike manner provided with tapered ends 33, which are drawn into thebeveled seats 34 and 35, respectively, in the nipple 18 of the upperheader and the lower wall of the receptacle 19 by means of the tie-rod37, which passes downwardly through the receptacle 19 and screws intothe tapped boss 38 within the tubular portion 16 of said header, theupper end of said tie-rod projecting from the face of the receptacle andreceiving the washer 39 and the nut 40. By this arrangement a moreperfect joint is effected between the pipes and headers of theheating-sections and between the pipes 17 and the upper headers of saidsections and the lower water-receptacle than can be made by means of athreaded connection, at the same time affording a joint that is muchcheaper than the ordinary threaded joint. An additional advantage inthis construction resides in the fact that by connecting the parts inthe manner described they can be readily disengaged, so as to enable theremoval of any of the sections of the heater, as shown in Fig. 4, or theremoval and replacement of the pipes forming the loops ofsaid sections,an accom plishment almost impossible where said parts are connected bythreaded joints that are eX- posed to the action of the fire or caloriccurrent.

As before stated, communication is established between the lowerwater-receptacle 19 and the upper water-receptacle 22 by means of thepipes 21. These pipes, like the pipes 17, are provided with tapered ends41, which fit into corresponding reamed seats in the bosses 42 and 43,respectively, projecting from the opposed faces of said receptacles, thejoints between the ends of said pipes and said seats being made tight bythe tie-rods 44, which pass downwardly through the receptacle 22, thepipes 21, and screw into the tapped bosses 45, the upper ends of saidrods receiving the washers 46 and nuts 47 whereby the upper and lowerwater-receptacles are securely bound together and a perfect joint ismade between the ends of the pipes 21 and said receptacles. Thecirculatory pipes 23 are tapped into the upper water-receptacle 22, andthere may be as many of said pipes employed as desired, according to thenumber of radiators in use.

By the arrangement herein shown it will be evident that the returnwater, which is only partially heated, cannot pass to the radiators, asis common in some heaters of this class. As herein shown, the returnwater enters the base-pipes and must pass through the loops of theheating-sections over the fire before it can enter the circulatorysystem and is thereby subjected to the entire heat of the fire-space. Itis also evident that by dispensing with the use of threaded connectionsand employing the tapered joints herein shown the liability of leakageis minimized and a cheap and perfect joint is effected between theseveral parts of the heater.

Having thus fully set forth my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a heater, the combination of a basepipe and a water-receptacle, ofa series of independent heating sections interposed between said pipeand receptacle and communicating independently with each, detachableconnections for joining said sections to said pipe and to saidreceptacle, whereby each of said sections is rendered independentlyremovable.

2. In a heater, the combination with the base-pipes andwater-receptacle, of a heatingsection interposed between said receptacleand pipe and communicating with each, said section being locateddirectly over the fire-space and comprising upper and lower headersconsisting of communicating divisions, pipe-sections having tapered endsseated in reamed apertures in said divisions to connect them, andtie-rods passing centrally through said pipes and engaging the divisionsof said headers to unite said parts and form a tight joint.

3. In a heater, the combination with the grate and fire-space, of theheating-sections mounted over the fire-space communicating with thewater-return at their lower portions, water-circulatory pipes forfeeding the heated water to the radiators, and independent verticalpipes connecting each of the heating-sections with said circulatorypipes which vertical pipes communicate with said heating-sections at apoint remote from the casing of the heater and centrally over theheating-space of the furnace.

4. In a heater, the combination with the grate and furnace, of theheating-sections mounted over said furnace and communicating with thewater-return, the lower Waterreceptacle filling the transverse diameterof the heater and having draft-openings therethrough, pipes connectingthe heating-sections with said lower receptacle, an upperwater-receptacle having the stack-opening therethrough, pipes connectingsaid upper and lower receptacles, which pipes have ta- 5. In a heaterthe combination with the heating-sections, of the upper and lowerwater-receptacles, pipes having tapered ends connectin g theheating-sections with the lower receptacle, pipes having tapered endsconnecting the upper and lower receptacles, and tierods passing throughthe lower receptacle and the connecting-pipes into said heating-sectionsfor joining said parts and making a joint between the ends of saidpipes, and tie-rods passingthrough the upper receptacle, theconnecting-pipes between the'upper and lower receptacles and into saidlower receptacle to unite said parts and make a tight joint between theends of the pipes connecting said receptacles.

In testimony whereof I sign this specification in the presence of twowitnesses.

ALEXANDER W. FINLAYSON.

WVitnesses:

E. S. WHEELER, I. G. HoWLE'r'r.

